Phytochemical screening and anti-inflamatory activity of azanza garckeana leaves

Author

Magaba, Tarisai M.

Title

Phytochemical screening and anti-inflamatory activity of azanza garckeana leaves

Abstract

Inflammation refers to a series of protective and reparative responses to tissue injury. These are caused by either mechanical and auto immune stimuli or infection. Inflammation is said to be either acute or chronic. Macrophages and dendritic cells are responsible for cytokine production that spreads inflammatory events especially in the first stages of acute phase of inflammation neutrophils. Many diseases are said to have an etiological origin in inflammatory processes e.g arthritis, cancer, ischemic heart disease and atherosclerosis although inflammation has a protective role. Many pathways involve the synthesis and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators. There are two types of anti-inflammatory drugs namely steroidal anti inflammatory drugs and non steroidal inflammatory drugs. Steroidal reduce inflammation by binding to cortisol receptors and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs decrease damage by inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes. There are many risks entailed by anti inflammatory drugs for example gastrointestinal ulceration, bleeding and hepato-toxicity.
In this work phytochemical screening and anti- inflammatory effect of Azanza garckeana leaves was carried out.
Qualitative experiments were used to determine the phytochemicals present in Azanza garckeana plant leaves. It was found out that this plant is rich in flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, saponins, tannin, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, and phytosterols. Anti- inflammatory activity was investigated by two assays which are egg albumin denaturation of and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay using Griess reagent. The maximum inhibition of Azanza gackeana or Gorron tulla leaves and dichlofenac sodium by egg albumin denaturation was found to be 75.51 and 72.19 % respectively. The maximum inhibition of Azanza gackeana leaves, dichlofenac sodium and quercetin by nitric oxide radical scavenging assay was 90.63, 76.06 and 92.00% respectively.

Date

2023

Publisher

BUSE

Keywords

Phytochemical screening

Azanza garckeana leaves

Anti-inflammatory drugs

Supervisor

Dr Gwatidzo, L.