Antimicrobial activity of Euphorbia Turicalli and Aloe vera against Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli

Author

Kamuzonde, Yeukai

Title

Antimicrobial activity of Euphorbia Turicalli and Aloe vera against Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli

Abstract

The rising incidence of antibiotic resistance among avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains poses a significant threat to poultry health and the poultry industry. In response, there is an increasing interest in exploring plant-based antimicrobial agents as potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics. The aim of the study was to compare the antibacterial activity of Euphorbia turicalli and Aloe vera extracts on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). The Agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of each of the crude extracts. Extracts for Euphorbia turicalli reflected antibacterial inhibitory properties against E. coli. The methanol extract at a concentration of 75% had the largest inhibition zones against the avian E. coli strain with a mean diameter of 7±0.0mm. The largest mean zone of inhibition for the acetone extract against E.coli was 3.7 ±0.14 mm. The largest zone of inhibition for Euphorbia turicalli aqueous extract identified was 2.2±0.0mm. A significant difference was observed in the inhibition zone means for methanol, acetone and aqueous Euphorbia turicalli extracts (p=0.03). The Euphorbia turicalli methanol extract at a concentration of 75% had the largest inhibition zones against the avian E. coli strain with a mean diameter of 9.5mm. The largest mean zone of inhibition for the acetone extract against E.coli was 7.7±0.23mmmm. The zone of inhibitions noted after treatment with different concentration of the water extract were relatively small compared to those of methanol and acetone extracts. The largest inhibition zone for aqueous extract was 4.6±mm at a concentration of 4.6 mm. There was a significant difference in the mean inhibition zones. There were significant differences in the antibacterial effects of Euphorbia turicalli and Aloe vera extracts against avian pathogenic E.coli (APEC) (p=0.03). The most effective extract was the methanol Aloe vera extract with an MIC of 6.25mg/ml. For both methanol, aqueous and acetone extracts Aloe vera extracts were the most effective with MIC values of 6.25mg/ml, 18.5mg/ml and 12.25mg/ml respectively. The study recommends further research on the efficacy of Euphorbia turicalli and Aloe vera on other resistant strains like MRSA. The study concludes that both extracts from E. tirucalli had antibacterial properties against E. coli. Zones of inhibition and MIC values found for E. tirucalli extracts suggest that the species was highly effective and might be applied to the management of illnesses brought on by the avian pathogenic E. coli.

Date

October 2024

Publisher

BUSE

Keywords

Antimicrobial,

Euphorbia Turicalli,

Aloe Vera,

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli,

Supervisor

Mr. J. Ndava,