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Author
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Kapomba, Lincy
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Title
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Phytochemical Screening And Antimicrobial Activity Assessment Of Trichilia Emetica, Azadirachta Indica, And Chamaemelum Nobile Against Staphylococcus Aureus.
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Abstract
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The prevalence of skin infections caused by S. aureus, coupled with the development of antibiotic-resistant strains, poses considerable challenges in terms of effective treatment, prevention, and control. The rise of antimicrobial resistance further exacerbates the challenges associated with skin infections, emphasizing the need for alternative effective treatments. The study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition of Trichilia emetica (bark), Azadirachta indica (leaves), and Chamaemelum nobile (flower) extracts and their antimicrobial properties against S. aureus. The experiment was conducted at the Central Veterinary Laboratories in Harare. Plants were collected and identified by specialist botanists. Dried and pulverised plant parts were soaked for 72 hours in extraction solvents that were water and methanol. A stock concentration for each herb was prepared by diluting it with dimethyl sulphoxide. Phytochemical analysis was done using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Phytochemical tests for alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, glycosides, steroids, proteins, and carbohydrates were conducted. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test was done by inoculating the surface of the Muller-Hinton agar plates with the identified bacteria using the spread plate technique. From the phytochemical tests, all the plant extracts contained alkaloids, saponins, and tannins for both methanol and distilled water solvent extracts. Tannins, glycosides, phenols, steroids, and flavonoids were only present in T. emetica. The ANOVA mean square for T. emetica 0.611 under methanolic extracts represented greater potential inhibition of the herbal extract against the suppression of S. aureus compared to A. indica and C. nobile paper disks containing the herbal extract. The lowest concentration or Minimum Inhibitory Concentration was lowest for T. emetica 12.5g/ml followed by A. indica 25g/ml and finally C. nobile 50mg/ml. It is concluded that all the plants that were under study exhibited therapeutic effects against strains of S. aureus.
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Date
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JUNE 2024
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Publisher
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BUSE
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Keywords
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Phytochemical Screening,Antimicrobial,Trichilia Emetica, Azadirachta Indica, And Chamaemelum Nobile, Staphylococcus Aureus,
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Supervisor
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Mr Munosiyeyi
