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Author
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Mufambanhando, Alegria R.
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Title
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Investigation into social factors affecting effective teaching and learning of stem education in rural secondary schools in Zimbabwe: a case study of two rural secondary schools in Odzi circuit, Mutare district
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Abstract
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This study investigated the social factors affecting the effective teaching and learning of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education in rural secondary schools in the Odzi Circuit of Zimbabwe. Using a social-cultural theory as the theoretical framework, the study employed a mixed-methods research design targeting a population of 32 Ordinary Level students doing STEM subjects at Lorn Secondary School and Odzi high School. Stratified sampling was used to select the participants, and data was collected through surveys and interviews. The findings revealed several key social factors impacting STEM education in the rural schools. Poverty and limited household resources were major barriers, as students often lacked access to basic school supplies, technology, and learning materials needed for STEM subjects. Cultural norms and gender stereotypes also played a role, with girls facing greater discouragement and lower expectations in pursuing STEM fields. Teacher qualifications, training, and morale emerged as crucial factors, as many rural schools struggled to attract and retain well-prepared STEM educators. Additionally, the remoteness of the schools and lack of community engagement hindered students' exposure to STEM opportunities and role models. The study concludes that multilevel interventions are needed to address the complex web of social influences on STEM education in Zimbabwe's rural secondary schools. Recommendations include improving access to STEM resources, challenging gender biases, investing in STEM teacher development, and fostering stronger school-community partnerships. By understanding and addressing these social factors, educational stakeholders can work to enhance the quality and equity of STEM learning for all students, regardless of their geographic or socioeconomic backgrounds.
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Date
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June 2024
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Publisher
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BUSE
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Keywords
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STEM Education
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Effective Teaching and Learning
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Supervisor
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Dr. G. Sunzuma
