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Author
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Javani, Dakarai
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Title
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An Investigation of the effects of the cement industry on the natural environment and human health: a case study of the Khayah cement plant in Mabvuku
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Abstract
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This study investigates the environmental and health impacts of cement manufacturing, using the Khayah Cement Plant in Mabvuku, Harare, as a case study. The research aims to assess the extent to which cement production contributes to environmental degradation and adverse health outcomes in surrounding communities. Cement production, while vital for infrastructure development, is associated with the release of pollutants such as particulate matter, silica, and calcium oxide, which pose serious risks to both the natural environment and human health. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, using a mixed-methods approach to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. The study population comprised 178 individuals, including employees from various departments at Khayah Cement, residents living within a 3-kilometre perimeter of the plant, and healthcare personnel from nearby clinics. From this population, a targeted sample of 150 respondents was selected, with 123 completing the questionnaires, yielding a response rate of 82%, which strengthens the validity and reliability of the data. Additionally, expert interviews were conducted with environmental and health professionals to provide further insights. Findings revealed elevated levels of dust and airborne pollutants in the vicinity of the plant, along with noticeable deterioration in local air and soil quality. Residents reported increased incidences of respiratory illnesses, eye irritation, and skin conditions particularly among those living closest to the plant. The study also identified regulatory enforcement gaps and insufficient environmental mitigation by plant operators. These results underscore the need for stronger environmental monitoring, community health interventions, and stricter regulatory oversight. The study contributes to the broader discourse on industrial pollution and its implications for environmental justice in urban Zimbabwe.
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Date
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June 2025
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Publisher
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BUSE
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Keywords
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Effects of the Cement Industry
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Natural Environment and Human Health
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Supervisor
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Mr. P. Nhokovedzo
