Smart IOT-based battery management system with tracking system and terminal security

Author

Nyika, Joe P.

Title

Smart IOT-based battery management system with tracking system and terminal security

Abstract

This project presents the design and implementation of an intelligent, IOT-enabled Battery Management System (BMS) that ensures safe, efficient, and secure battery operation through real-time monitoring and control. The system is built around the ESP32 microcontroller, which provides dual-core processing capabilities, integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth communication, and support for multiple peripheral interfaces. Core components include the ACS712 current sensor for accurate DC current measurement, a 25V voltage sensor for real-time voltage monitoring, and the DS18B20 digital temperature sensor for precise thermal data acquisition. These sensors feed into the ESP32, which processes the data to detect critical conditions such as overcharging, deep discharging, and thermal runaway, while also performing real-time cell balancing and temperature regulation. A secure authentication mechanism using a 4x4 matrix keypad restricts access to battery terminals, ensuring protection against unauthorized use. The NEO-6M GPS module enables accurate tracking of the battery’s geographical location, contributing to theft prevention and enhanced asset management. The system interfaces with an I2C-based LCD for local parameter display and employs status LEDs to indicate battery health. Furthermore, the ESP32 transmits collected data to a user-friendly HTML-based webpage and a hybrid Android application developed using the Ionic framework. The mobile app displays battery voltage, current, and temperature in real-time via graphical gauges and plots battery level history alongside a dynamic location map using Leaflet.js. A MySQL database managed through XAMPP stores all measured parameters for analysis, fault detection, and historical tracking. Proteus simulation was employed during system validation to test circuit integrity and sensor interactions in a virtual environment before physical deployment. The resulting prototype provides a low-cost, scalable, and modular solution applicable in electric vehicles, solar energy storage systems, and other battery powered infrastructure, significantly enhancing battery safety, performance, and lifespan through intelligent monitoring and remote accessibility.

Date

June 2025

Publisher

BUSE

Keywords

Battery Management System

Tracking System

Terminal Security

Supervisor

Engineer S. Komichi